Democracy, however measured, is a qualitative or lim ited variable. Islam and democracy in tunisia rached ghannouchi authoritarianism and modernization roberto stefan foa benjamin spatz and kai thaler on liberia aurel croissant et al. It also looks at internal dynamics while referring to social and cultural structures and the adaptation of new technologies. Al albab borneo journal of religious studies bjrs volume 1 number 1 december. Keywords democracy, islam, modernization, religiosity, democratic. Anyone who thinks modernization theory is dead will have to grapple with the powerful logic of their evidence and argument. However, the source of this situation is not religion, but factors including colonialism, international economic and trading systems, and the role of the military, among others. Modernization democracy and islam january 30 2005 paperback. Democracy by tracing the course of its formation and development. Inglehart and welzel make a compelling case for viewing development as the expansion of human autonomy and choice, and for political freedom and democracy as the consequence of economic development and cultural change. However, the source of this situation is not religion islam but rather factors including colonialism, international economic and trading systems, and the role of the military, among others. Out go waging jihad to impose muslim rule, secondclass citizenship for nonmuslims, and death sentences for blasphemy or apostasy. Modernization of the islamic society institute of developing.
Does religion represent an obstacle to modernization and. Shadi hamid, author of islamic exceptionalism, argues many muslims support a religiousdominated government, but that doesnt equal. This has been particularly evident since the events of 2009 in iran and the uprisings across the arab world in late 2010 and 2011. Request pdf modernization, islam, or social capital.
This article explains the determinants of individual support for democracy in. Indonesia the perfect model for islam and democracy. Full text views reflects the number of pdf downloads, pdfs. File type pdf modernization democracy and islam january 30 2005 paperbackof the options to accompany you like having additional time. Now, after over a century of modernization, they are trying to differentiate between the religious and the more religious.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The cultural determinants of democracy and dictatorship there was a time when many said that the cultures of japan and germany were incapable of sustaining democratic values. Modernization, democracy, and islam yale journal of international. On increasingly crowded academic bookshelves, though, the volume is also noteworthy in other ways.
Because of certain happenings and because there happens to be monarchy or dictatorships in most of the muslim countries it has been concluded that islam is not compatible with democracy and also with modernity. Starting with economic and cultural interpretations of modernization theory, the author advances an argument exploring crosslinkages between macro and microlevel implications of this theory as they relate to attitudes toward democracy. Some modern islamic thinkers, whose ideas were particularly popular in the 1970s and 1980s, rejected the notion of democracy as a foreign idea incompatible with islam. However, the source of this situation is not religionislambut rather factors including colonialism, international economic and trading systems, and the role of the military, among others. Modernization theory can be understood in terms of its structural and psychological components. Table of contents for modernization, democracy, and islam. Islam and democracy in tunisia authoritarianism and. Islam, social justice, and democracy politics and religion. Within the muslim world, conservative6 muslim thinkers argued that islam and democracy w ere incompatib le, because of fir st, the islamic concept. In this form, the debaters definitions of islam and democracy determine the conclusions arrived at. Modernization, cultural change, and democracy by ronald inglehart. Bush,in a speech to the american enterprise institute, washington hilton hotel, february 26, 2003. The structural version of modernization theory is founded on an evolutionary vision of social, political, and economic.
In the 1959 article some social requisites of democracy. Muslims can modernize their religion, but that requires major changes. Modernization theory maintains that traditional societies will develop as they adopt more modern practices. Islam and modernization 211 that dealt with the modernization of asia, africa, and latin america in the 1950s and 1960s. Islam is not incompatible with either modernization or democracy. I the relationship between islam, modernity and democracy is still greatly misunderstood. Must fundamentalism win out in the middle east, or will democracy ever be possible. Pdf this study examines the relationship between islam and. From tunisia to egypt and from israel to iran, the debates surrounding the concept of democracy in the middle east are never straightforward. Recognizing these themes allows the consideration of possible remedies for change in the muslim world. Between 1985 and 1995, scores of countries made the transition to democracy, bringing widespread euphoria about democracy s future. There exist a number of perspectives on the relationship of islam and democracy among islamic political theorists, the general muslim public, and western authors. Second, it offers an account of islam that shows both its original rationalizing, universalist, and democratic development of abrahamic monotheism and the subsequent, longterm, debilitating reversals arising from the orthodoxys attempts to mark off and safeguard the golden ages legacy against usurpation by dynastic imperial states.
Progress in liberalizing societies, modernizing institutions, and. The quality articles treat such diverse subjects as the econometric dimension, the role of the military, comparisons between the middle east and latin america, and gender inequality. Islam open the way for political visions in which islam and democracy are mutually supportive. In terms of modernization which is the component of the democracy the islamic world has a poor record. As a matter of fact, without mentioning the german sociologist, hamid enayat2, charles kurzman3 and others adopt this allcomprehensive mode of research which has the virtue of including the muslim point of view as well. This article explains the determinants of individual support for democracy in 10 muslimmajority countries. That work offers an excellent opportunity to not only critically explore imam raufs perspective concerning topics such as. The writer is a political economist and a senior fellow with uc berkeley. Modernization theory revisited, comparative politics 21 october 1988, 26.
Democracy building remains an uphill struggle in most muslim countries, asserted laith. View notes islam and the failure of modernization in the middle east. Instead, islamic countries are highly malleable and exhibit a potential for faster democratic development compared. Just invest little period to entry this online message modernization democracy and islam january 30 2005. With modernization theorys failure to explain the lack of democratization in affluent gulf states or the vibrant democracies of impoverished states like india, scholars began to look for alternative explanations for democratization. Lipsett and the modernization theory of democracy our politics. Oct 21, 2016 the theory on democratization by seymour lipsett focuses on the relationship between economic development and the likelihood of a country to become and remain a stable democracy. The islamic world has a poor record in terms of modernization and democracy. Both islamists and islamophobes find islam and democracy incongruent.
Oct 20, 2011 the modernization of islam is an immersing, challenging, and probing study. A book with the tripartite title modernization, democracy, and islam may be said to cover all bases, and it does just that. Economic development, lipsett hypothesizes that the more developed a country. Usually the disagreements are expressed in a standard form.
Esposito and voll argue that an incompatibility between islam and democracy becomes obvious when the terms islam and democracy are used in an essentialist or monolithic manner rather than acknowledging their flexibility and adaptability and the diversity of actual experience esposito and voll 1996, p. What explains attitudes toward democracy in the muslim world. Pdf islam and democracy a dynamic perspective researchgate. Fear of the modern world by fatema mernissi is islam compatible with democracy. Liberal democracy, however far it may have traveled, however much it may have been transformed, is in. Modernization, democracy, and islam ebok shireen t. In this paper, dedicated to islam and democracy, we will give. Leads to democracy what we know about modernization ronald inglebart and christian weel in the last several years, a democratic boom has given way to a democratic recession. A closer scrutiny of both islam and democracy reveals, however, that they can coexist, but certain conditions must prevail for this to occur.
In between the extremes, in a number of countries where muslims are a majority, many muslims believe that islam is a support for democracy even though their particular political system is not explicitly defined as islamic. In this nowclassic book, islamic sociologist fatima mernissi explores the ways in which. A closer scrutiny of both islam and democracy reveals, however, that they can coexist, but certain. Modernization, democracy, and islam is the latest salvo in this debate, and its core argument is unequivocally anticulturalist. Table of contents for modernization, democracy, and islam edited by shireen t. Modernization theory stresses not only the process of change but also the responses to that change. Hence, despite the current lower level of democracy in islamic countries, the results of this study refute the conventional wisdom that islam hinders democracy. Article information, pdf download for modernization, islam, or social.
1250 1049 124 745 1114 490 62 878 516 672 1473 1131 1273 116 612 860 723 781 1367 427 157 1237 1156 1448 118 1112 949 439 514 1485 866 370 19 188 1291